Pull-up resistors are used in electronic logic circuits to ensure that inputs to logic systems settle at expected logic levels if external devices are disconnected.
tri-state (vt)
When outputs are tri-stated (in the Hi-Z state) their influence on the rest of the circuit is removed, and the circuit node will be "floating" if no other circuit element determines its state.
PLL (phase-locked loop)
A PLL is a control system that generates a signal that has a fixed relation to the phase of a "reference" signal.
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